Showing posts with label gain. Show all posts
Showing posts with label gain. Show all posts
Wednesday, December 25, 2013
Physical activity and gain in life expectancy quantified
We all know that exercise is good for you, but how good? While previous studies have shown the link between physical activity and a lower risk of premature mortality, the number of years of life expectancy gained among persons with different activity levels has been unclear—until now. In a new study from Brigham and Womens Hospital (BWH), in collaboration with the National Cancer Institute, researchers have quantified how many years of life are gained by being physically active at different levels, among all individuals as well as among various groups with different body mass index (BMI).
The study will be published on November 6, 2012 in PLOS Medicine.
"We found that adding low amounts of physical activity to ones daily routine, such as 75 minutes of brisk walking per week, was associated with increased longevity: a gain of 1.8 years of life expectancy after age 40, compared with doing no such activity," explained I-Min Lee, MD, associate epidemiologist in the Department of Preventive Medicine at BWH and senior author on this study. "Physical activity above this minimal level was associated with additional gains in longevity. For example, walking briskly for at least 450 minutes a week was associated with a gain of 4.5 years. Further, physical activity was associated with greater longevity among persons in all BMI groups: those normal weight, overweight, and obese."
In pooled data from six prospective cohort studies, the researchers examined associations of leisure-time physical activity of a moderate to vigorous intensity with mortality. They analyzed data from more than 650,000 subjects and followed subjects for an average of ten years- analyzing over 82,000 deaths. The large sample size allowed them to estimate years of life gained after the age of 40 among persons with different levels of physical activity and BMI.
The findings show that physical activity was associated with longer life expectancies across a range of activity levels and BMI groups. Participation in a low level of leisure time physical activity of moderate to vigorous intensity, comparable to up to 75 min of brisk walking per week, was associated with a 19 percent reduced risk of mortality compared to no such activity.
Assuming a causal relationship, which is not specifically demonstrated in this research, this level of activity would confer a 1.8 year gain in life expectancy after age 40, compared with no activity. For those who did the equivalent to 150 min of brisk walking per week--the basic amount of physical activity currently recommended by the federal government--the gain in life expectancy was 3.4 years. These benefits were seen in both men and women, and among white and black participants. Importantly, they were also observed among persons who were normal weight, overweight, and obese. Participants faring best were those who were both normal weight and active: among normal weight persons who were active at the level recommended by the federal government, researchers observed a gain in life expectancy of 7.2 years, compared to those with a BMI of 35 or more who did no leisure time physical activity (a 5 ft 5 in tall person with BMI of 35 weighs 210 lb).
"Our findings reinforce prevailing public health messages promoting both a physically active lifestyle and a normal body weight," explained Dr. Steven C. Moore, PhD, research fellow at the National Cancer Institute (NCI) and lead author of this study. This findings may also help convince currently inactive persons that even being modestly active is worth it for greater longevity, even if it may not result in weight control.
Wednesday, November 13, 2013
8 Hormonal Determinants Of Weight Gain
Several hormones play an important role in the process of weight loss. There are a number should be reduced, there should also be reduced or suppressed production in the body. Here it is eight hormones that are key to get the ideal body shape and weight, and how to optimize it.
1. Ghrelin
This hormone is produced in the stomach and working together with the brain to signal hunger. Efforts to reduce calories in order to lose weight, increase the amount of this hormone in the body. Even after 12 months of ongoing low-calorie diet, research shows that ghrelin levels remained elevated. In other words, your body will always be difficult to adapt to eating less and are constantly sending hunger signals. This is why maintaining a healthy weight is more difficult than lower it.
The good news, the number of ghrelin in the body can be reduced. High intensity exercise such as aerobics, kickboxing or jogging beneficial decrease ghrelin levels. That is why physical exercise is key in eliminating fat and maintain ideal weight remains.
2. Leptin
This hormone is released by fat cells. Leptin interacts with the brain, tell your body to eat less and burn more calories. The more body fat you have, the greater the amount of leptin that is released - the condition is called leptin resistance. Do not consider this a good condition, because if the brain is released in excessive amounts it becomes resistant to leptin signaling. To maximize the sensitivity of the brain to leptin, and multiply to get a good intake of antioxidants by eating berries (strawberries, blueberries, cherries, grapes) and vegetables, green and red.
3. Adiponectin
Adiponectin is also one of the hormones that are released from fat cells. But unlike leptin, the body will lean more adiponectin is also produced by fat cells. This hormone increases the ability of muscle to use carbohydrates for energy, increase metabolism and suppress appetite.
You can maximize the level of adiponectin with more moves during the day and replace simple carbohydrates (white rice, chicken noodle, chicken porridge) into complex carbohydrates (brown rice, pasta, oatmeal). Also advisable to consume monounsaturated fats like olive oil and avocados.
4. Insulin
Insulin plays a crucial role in the body. This hormone is necessary for the recovery process after exercise, muscle building and maintaining blood sugar levels are optimal. However, when carbohydrate intake is too high and the production of insulin so crazy in the body, can inhibit the breakdown and burning of the accumulated fat. Insulin and carbohydrate are closely related. The more carbohydrates, more insulin is released.
In order for insulin to work more optimally reduce fat, consume carbohydrates from vegetables and fruits. Limit your consumption of white rice and flour into smaller portions.
5. Glucagon
Glucagon is a hormone that works opposite of insulin. If the insulin store carbohydrates and fats to form, glucagon responsible for the destruction of carbohydrate and fat deposits; release them so that your body can use it for energy. Consumption of foods high in protein and low in carbohydrates is the best way to maximize the release of glucagon.
6. CCK
Abbreviation of cholecystokinin, a hormone is released from cells into the intestine whenever you eat protein or fat. But CCK not only settled in the intestine. In contrast, CCK will work together with the nervous system and the stomach to slow down the digestive process. The result, youll feel full longer. In order to gain maximum benefit from these hormones, make sure you get protein and healthy fat from each food consumed.
7. Epinephrine
Epinephrine that will trigger the burning of fat released as energy for the body. This hormone can also resist the desire to eat. How to work a maximum of Epinephrine? The answer is exercise; physical activity encourages the release of epinephrine in the body.
8. Growth Hormone
Growth hormone or growth hormone, is often touted as the key to eternal youth. But the benefits not only that, growth hormone also helps in weight loss. This hormone interacts with the fat cells and ordered them to disintegrate and burn fat reserves for energy. Growth hormone can be increased in number with high-intensity exercise, circuit training (semi-cardio) and sleep quality.
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1. Ghrelin
This hormone is produced in the stomach and working together with the brain to signal hunger. Efforts to reduce calories in order to lose weight, increase the amount of this hormone in the body. Even after 12 months of ongoing low-calorie diet, research shows that ghrelin levels remained elevated. In other words, your body will always be difficult to adapt to eating less and are constantly sending hunger signals. This is why maintaining a healthy weight is more difficult than lower it.
The good news, the number of ghrelin in the body can be reduced. High intensity exercise such as aerobics, kickboxing or jogging beneficial decrease ghrelin levels. That is why physical exercise is key in eliminating fat and maintain ideal weight remains.
2. Leptin
This hormone is released by fat cells. Leptin interacts with the brain, tell your body to eat less and burn more calories. The more body fat you have, the greater the amount of leptin that is released - the condition is called leptin resistance. Do not consider this a good condition, because if the brain is released in excessive amounts it becomes resistant to leptin signaling. To maximize the sensitivity of the brain to leptin, and multiply to get a good intake of antioxidants by eating berries (strawberries, blueberries, cherries, grapes) and vegetables, green and red.
3. Adiponectin
Adiponectin is also one of the hormones that are released from fat cells. But unlike leptin, the body will lean more adiponectin is also produced by fat cells. This hormone increases the ability of muscle to use carbohydrates for energy, increase metabolism and suppress appetite.
You can maximize the level of adiponectin with more moves during the day and replace simple carbohydrates (white rice, chicken noodle, chicken porridge) into complex carbohydrates (brown rice, pasta, oatmeal). Also advisable to consume monounsaturated fats like olive oil and avocados.
4. Insulin
Insulin plays a crucial role in the body. This hormone is necessary for the recovery process after exercise, muscle building and maintaining blood sugar levels are optimal. However, when carbohydrate intake is too high and the production of insulin so crazy in the body, can inhibit the breakdown and burning of the accumulated fat. Insulin and carbohydrate are closely related. The more carbohydrates, more insulin is released.
In order for insulin to work more optimally reduce fat, consume carbohydrates from vegetables and fruits. Limit your consumption of white rice and flour into smaller portions.
5. Glucagon
Glucagon is a hormone that works opposite of insulin. If the insulin store carbohydrates and fats to form, glucagon responsible for the destruction of carbohydrate and fat deposits; release them so that your body can use it for energy. Consumption of foods high in protein and low in carbohydrates is the best way to maximize the release of glucagon.
6. CCK
Abbreviation of cholecystokinin, a hormone is released from cells into the intestine whenever you eat protein or fat. But CCK not only settled in the intestine. In contrast, CCK will work together with the nervous system and the stomach to slow down the digestive process. The result, youll feel full longer. In order to gain maximum benefit from these hormones, make sure you get protein and healthy fat from each food consumed.
7. Epinephrine
Epinephrine that will trigger the burning of fat released as energy for the body. This hormone can also resist the desire to eat. How to work a maximum of Epinephrine? The answer is exercise; physical activity encourages the release of epinephrine in the body.
8. Growth Hormone
Growth hormone or growth hormone, is often touted as the key to eternal youth. But the benefits not only that, growth hormone also helps in weight loss. This hormone interacts with the fat cells and ordered them to disintegrate and burn fat reserves for energy. Growth hormone can be increased in number with high-intensity exercise, circuit training (semi-cardio) and sleep quality.
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